This was a question that I asked myself many years ago when I was planning my latest build because I wanted to store both RO/DI water and mixed saltwater so I always have it on hand. Having access to either type of water can really save your aquarium and it did just that for me once already.
Because I’d had the water stored and ready to go I was able to stop the impending tank crash. But the question is how long can water be stored safely?
Mixed saltwater can be stored heated or cold with no detrimental effect for at least 3 weeks. Keeping it heated and agitated with a pump will help release any gas and prevent a Ph adjustment within the water. Keeping it stored in a dark area with a lid will prevent any algae growth during storage.
If you are able to find the space to set up a container of at least clean RO/DI water then you have a good chance of saving your aquarium if an emergency arises. Keeping a container of both RO/DI and mixed saltwater is even better.
Read on to find out how to keep your water in perfect condition ready for immediate use.
Salt Brands Tested For Storage Duration
The majority of salt brands used by most saltwater aquarists have been tested to plot the results you will see. The results are taken from the awesome tests the guys are Bulk Reef Supply conducted to test this theory once and for all.
The main concern for most reef keepers is the levels f Calcium and Alkalinity. When keeping coral these are two of the most important parameters that you will want to keep stable. These tests focus on the degradation of these two parameters over the storage time.
The following salts mixes were used:-
- Instant Ocean Standard
- Instant Ocean Reef Crystals
- Tropic Marin Classic
- Tropic Marin Pro
- Brightwell Neo Marine
- HW Reefer
- Red Sea Blue Bucket
- Red Sea Coral Pro
Of these brands of salt mix, the Instant Ocean Reef Crystals and Red Sea Coral Pro are designed with elevated levels of Calcium and Alkalinity to help with the most demanding LPS and SPS aquariums.
Stored At Room Temperature & No Agitation
The salt was mixed and then left to sit in a closed storage vessel for 3 weeks.
No Heating and No Pump to circulate after the initial mixing of the salt.
Salt Brand | 1 Day | 1 Week | 3 Weeks |
Instant Ocean Standard | Alk: 10.3 Cal: 375 | 10.5 385 | 10.4 385 |
Instant Ocean Reef Crystals | Alk: 10.8 Cal: 490 | 11.0 475 | 11.0 490 |
Tropic Marin Classic | Alk: 8.9 Cal: 420 | 9.1 425 | 9.1 415 |
Tropic Marin Pro | Alk: 7.0 Cal: 410 | 7.0 410 | 7.0 410 |
Brightwell Neo Maine | Alk: 7.8 Cal: 385 | 7.7 380 | 7.8 400 |
HW Reefer | Alk: 8.9 Cal: 425 | 8.9 420 | 8.8 425 |
Red Sea Blue Bucket | Alk: 8.1 Cal: 410 | 8.2 420 | 7.3 410 |
Red Sea Coral Pro | Alk: 11.2 Cal: 450 | 9.6 420 | 8.8 430 |
As you can see the test results for both Calcium and Alkalinity remained very stable over the three week period.
The only salt mix that had a significant drop in both the Alk and Cal is the Red Sea Coral Pro.
Storing your water unheated and unagitated is proven to remain stable and of high quality.
Just be sure to re-heat and re-mix your water for 24 hours before adding it to your aquarium if stored in this manner!
Stored Heated & Agitated
Most aquarists, myself included like to keep their mix water constantly heated and agitated to ensure it is ready for use at a moment’s notice.
The second set of tests conducted by Bulk Reef Supply tested this theory to see if this way of storage affected the characteristics of the salt over a 2 week period.
The salt was mixed, heated and then left to sit in a closed storage vessel for 2 weeks this time rather than 3, but this time the heater and pump were left on 24/7.
Salt Brand | 1 Day | 1 Week | 2 Weeks |
Instant Ocean Standard | Alk: 10.3 Cal: 415 | 10.3 420 | 10.3 425 |
Instant Ocean Reef Crystals | Alk: 10.8 Cal: 490 | 110.7 495 | 10.8 500 |
Tropic Marin Classic | Alk: 9.5 Cal: 400 | 9.6 405 | 9.5 410 |
Tropic Marin Pro | Alk: 7.2 Cal: 420 | 7.1 415 | 7.1 420 |
Brightwell Neo Maine | Alk: 7.8 Cal: 380 | 7.6 395 | 7.8 400 |
HW Reefer | Alk: 9.0 Cal: 430 | 9.1 430 | 9.3 430 |
Red Sea Blue Bucket | Alk: 8.0 Cal: 410 | 8.0 420 | 8.1 410 |
Red Sea Coral Pro | Alk: 12.1 Cal: 450 | 12.2 445 | 12.4 460 |
Again, you can see very little fluctuation in the test results over the two week period.
The main difference if for those of you that use the Red Sea Reefer Coral Pro salt is keeping it heated and agitated allows the salt mix to stay far more consistent over time.
Storing your water heated and agitated is proven to remain stable and of high quality.
Storing your water heated or cooled, agitated or not seems to make very little difference to the quality of the majority of salt mixes over time.
I personally keep Instant Ocean Reef Crystals for well over a month and every time I test it my results are bang on.
My recommendations are that you can store your water with no problems, just keep the container closed and check your parameters once in a while to ensure your storage system is keeping your water in perfect condition.
Richard – The Beginners Reef
How Much Does It Cost To Store Mixed Saltwater?
On average, it costs around $1.50 per week to keep a vessel of mixed saltwater heated to 80°F and mixed with a small powerhead pump. The higher the wattage of the pump and heater the more it costs to run 24/7. Typically a 100W heater and a 20W pump are used by most aquarists.
Does your electricity cost you a fortune? Is running a pump and heater 24/7 not an option for you?
With the results showing very little difference between storing your water heated/mixed and room temp/sitting, a deciding factor could be how much it is costing you to have water ready at any time.
Heater Running Costs
Costs based on running ON and OFF (50% on 50% off) but plugged in 24/7 and the US Average of $0.13/KWH as of Aug 2019.
Wattage | $ Per KWH | Cost Per Week | Cost Per Month | Cost Per Year |
50 | $0.13 | $0.55 | $2.18 | $26.21 |
100 | $0.13 | $1.10 | $4.36 | $52.42 |
150 | $0.13 | $1.65 | $6.54 | $78.63 |
200 | $0.13 | $2.20 | $8.72 | $104.84 |
300 | $0.13 | $3.30 | $13.08 | $157.26 |
Pump Running Costs
Costs based on running 24/7 and the US Average of $0.13/KWH as of Aug 2019.
Pump | $ Per KWH | Cost Per Week | Cost Per Month | Cost Per Year |
MaxiJet 1200 20 Watts | $0.13 | $0.44 | $1.75 | $20.97 |
Sicce Silent 2.0 35 Watts | $0.13 | $0.76 | $3.06 | $36.69 |
Pan World 40PX 45 Watts | $0.13 | $0.98 | $3.93 | $47.17 |
Iwaki MD-20RT 58 Watts | $0.13 | $1.27 | $5.07 | $60.80 |
Therefore:
To run a 32 Gallon Brute Trashcan 24/7 with a 100W heater and a MaxiJet 1200 will cost you $47.18 in electricity each year to be able to have access to heated and mixed saltwater whenever you wish!
Tips To Aid In Safe Water Storage
- Ensure your storage containers are Food-Safe Grade
- Keep lids on your storage container but not air-tight
- Check salinity every week for evaporation and replenish as necessary
- Every 2-3 months empty and clean any residue in the storage container
- From Instant Ocean Website:
“Always allow newly mixed saltwater to circulate with a powerhead or air stone at least overnight before use. This allows the carbon dioxide in the aquarium water to reach equilibrium with the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, which normalizes pH. It also adds oxygen.
Stir vigorously to ensure a good mix. Although the Reef Crystals solution may be used immediately, we suggest aerating the water until it achieves oxygen/carbon dioxide equilibrium.”
Data Source
To view the extended versions of the above tests please check out the videos by the fantastic team at Bulk Reef Supply.
BRS Investigates Videos:
No Heating & No Agitation
Heated & Agitated 24/7
Which Is Better For Aquariums: Natural Ocean Water or Synthetic Salt Water
Natural Ocean water is a mix of many, many elements/ingredients that are not included with synthetic salt mixes. Many of these elements are organic and bacterial-based organisms which could dramatically alter how natural seawater can be stored.
As with all living organisms, if the conditions to live are not provided they will die, decay, and pollute the water.
Not only do you have the living organisms within natural seawater, but you will also have many other elements/chemicals (You can tell I’m not a chemistry scientist!) in there which may break down or cause problems if left to stagnate.
There are not many people on the forums who regularly use natural seawater, let alone keep it for long periods of time, so trying to research this particular part of this blog has been difficult.
Most aquarists that use natural seawater only keep it stored for a week or two at the maximum. They always have easy access to clean ocean water so they never need to store it.
The best way I have found to store natural seawater is to place it in a container that allows sunlight to reach the water to allow the photosynthesizing organisms to live, keep the water heated at an aquarium temperature of 78-80°F, keep it circulated using a powerhead or pump and to keep a lid on the container to prevent the ingress of dirt, dust, and debris from entering into the water.
This seems to be the normal way of temporarily storing water by the aquarists who use ocean water, but again, it’s not stored for long periods.
If you find the water has a foul odor, an oily residue, or has a lot of floating debris or algae suspended in the water then it’s always best to dispose of it and get new.
Never risk your aquarium for a batch of water!
Synthetic Salt Water is a more controlled product containing only the good elements our tanks need to thrive and stay healthy. Because the synthetic salt brands have been engineered for our exact usage they store a lot better because they do not contain any pollutants or organic organisms that can die and decay.
The test data you saw was based purely on synthetic salt brands as this is what 99% of the saltwater community use in their aquariums.
Are There Any Safe Saltwater Storage Containers?
Before we can even store water for any period of time you need to ensure that the container or vessel you are storing that water in is safe for use and will not leach any toxins into the water over a prolonged period of time. What’s the point of keeping saltwater if the container is the problem!
Over the years I have seen many, many storage containers and some have been a major problem for aquarium owners because of the chemicals they have released into the water.
There is now a general consensus due to years of data from across the community that the following types of container are the best to use:
Any Food-Grade containers marked with ASF/ANSI 2 such as:
Rubbermaid Brute Trash Can
CLICK HERE To See A Great Selection at Amazon.com
Containers from Tractor Supply
CLICK HERE To See A Great Selection at The Tractor Supply Co
For even more information on safe water storage containers, you can check out my article:
Saltwater Storage Containers – Not All Are Safe!
Further Reading
If you found this information helpful you may also like:
- Are Candles, Scented Oils & Air Fresheners Aquarium Safe?
- How To Select An RO/DI System For Your Aquarium
- Is Tap Water Safe For A Saltwater Aquarium?